What is the outcome of persistent dysplasia over time?

Persistent dysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the cells that can indicate a potential progression towards more severe cellular anomalies. Over time, if dysplastic changes continue without intervention, the abnormal cells can accumulate further genetic mutations and alterations that may transform them into malignant cells. This progression typically follows a continuum where dysplasia can escalate from mild to moderate and then severe dysplasia, ultimately leading to carcinoma in situ and potentially invasive cancer if left untreated. The biological response of these cells to ongoing stressors, such as inflammation, carcinogens, or other environmental factors, can contribute to this transition from dysplasia to malignancy. This understanding underscores the significance of monitoring dysplastic changes and implementing appropriate management strategies to prevent possible cancer development.