What is the recommended action for patients following surgery to reduce the risk of developing atelectasis?

Encouraging deep breathing exercises is the recommended action for patients following surgery to reduce the risk of developing atelectasis. Deep breathing exercises help to expand the lungs fully, promoting optimal ventilation and maintaining lung function. When patients take deep breaths, they help to mobilize secretions, clear airways, and prevent the alveoli from collapsing, which is important in avoiding atelectasis—a condition where parts of the lung become deflated or filled with fluid.

Engaging in deep breathing also helps to enhance oxygenation and can be particularly beneficial postoperatively when patients may experience pain, reduce mobility, and may be less inclined to take deep breaths naturally. This proactive approach is especially critical after surgeries that may involve the abdomen or thorax where pain may restrict normal respiratory effort.

In contrast, limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration, which can thicken mucus and complicate lung function, making atelectasis more likely. Bed rest alone does not encourage active lung expansion, and avoiding coughing may prevent patients from clearing their airways, further increasing the risk of lung complications. Thus, promoting deep breathing effectively counters these risks and supports recovery.