Which factor can lead to the atrophy of cells?

Atrophy of cells refers to a decrease in cell size, which can lead to a reduction in the functionality of a tissue or organ. Lack of nerve stimulation is indeed a primary factor that can lead to atrophy, particularly in muscle tissues. When nerve signals are not transmitted to the muscle, the stimulation that prompts muscle maintenance and growth is absent. This can result in a significant loss of muscle mass over time.

In the case of muscle atrophy, conditions such as immobilization or neurological disorders can diminish the communication between nerve and muscle, leading to the cellular changes associated with atrophy. The lack of necessary stimulus from the nervous system means that the muscle cells do not engage in the activity required for maintaining their size and function, subsequently leading to cellular atrophy.

Conversely, other factors such as lack of nutrient supply might lead to cell injury or death rather than simple atrophy, while excessive physical exercise typically promotes muscle growth rather than atrophy. Increased metabolic activity would usually stimulate growth and repair mechanisms in cells, promoting healthy tissue maintenance rather than atrophy.