Which physical exam finding is typical of osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis is characterized by a specific pattern of joint changes primarily affecting the cartilage. One of the hallmark findings during a physical examination of a joint affected by osteoarthritis is the observation of a capsular pattern of restriction. This term describes the typical range and quality of motion lost in the affected joint due to the joint capsule becoming thickened and the articular surfaces degenerating. In the case of osteoarthritis, there typically is a more prominent limitation in flexion than in extension, which reflects the overall pathology and functional impairment of the joint.

Other options like a positive McMurray test, primarily associated with meniscal injuries in the knee, and findings such as swelling with warmth or fluid accumulation, usually indicate more acute inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or septic arthritis rather than the chronic degenerative nature of osteoarthritis. Thus, the observation of a capsular pattern is a distinctive and expected finding during a physical examination for someone with osteoarthritis.